Rome split in two

Rome was split into 2 parts. The Eastern and Western part . Rome was slowly falling to pieces because it was too big to handle. There weren't enough guards to protect the people. This means that people could steal things from villagers without being caught. This causes a lot of people to be afraid of traveling and selling their goods. Another way Rome was falling to pieces was because it didn't have any goods to trade. None of the surrounding countries wanted what they were selling which was: cheese, glass, and wine.

Rome's Empire declined and fell ):

Terms:
Diocletian- he was the Roman emperor between 284–305. In 286 he divided the empire between himself in the east and Maximian in the west.  


Constantine-Roman emperor; known as Constantine the Great. He was the first Roman emperor to be converted to Christianity. In 330, he moved the capital to Byzantium, renaming it Constantinople


Eastern Empire-The eastern part of the Roman Empire, after its division in ad 395


Western Empire-The western part of the Roman Empire, after its division in ad 395. 


Edict of Milan-was a letter signed by emperors Constantine I and Licinius that proclaimed religious toleration in the Roman Empire. The letter was issued in AD 313, shortly after the conclusion of the Diocletianic Persecution.


Constantinople-The former name of Istanbul, from ad 330 until the capture of the city by the Turks in 1453.

Germanic peoples-The Germanic peoples (also called Teutonic in older literature) are a historical ethno-linguistic group, originating in Northern Europe and identified by their use of the Indo-European Germanic languages.


Huns-A member of a warlike Asiatic nomadic people who ravaged Europe in the 4th–5th centuries.

2. A reckless or uncivilized destroyer of something.

Attila-king of the Huns 434–453. He ravaged vast areas before being defeated by the joint forces of the Roman army and the Visigoths at Châlons in 451.


Leo I-Italian pope from 440 to 461 who extended the authority of the papacy to the west and persuaded Attila not to attack Rome (440-461).




Questions!:
1) What economic problems did the empire face?
-Rome only made things other countries didn't need and weren't interested in.
-The food supply became scarce 
-Gold and silver were drained away to buy things from other countries.




2) By the 3rd century, how had Rome's army changed since the days of the republic?






3) (a) What important religious change did Constantine bring about in the empire?
- he accepted Christians(?)
(b) What political change did he bring about?
-He built a new capital, one with more advantages.




4) (a) Why did Germanic tribes invade the empire in the 400
-They wanted Rome's treasure
(b) Why was the empire unable to drive the invaders




5) (a)List 3 reasons why Diocletian should be considered a successful emperor.
  
(b) List 3 reasons why he might be considered a failure.

Study Guide:

Emperors in order?

-Octavius/ Augustus 

-Tiberius 

-Caligula 

-Claudius 

What is the republic made of?

-Democracy, Aristocracy, Monarchy 

Which emperor conquered Britain?

-Claudius

Zealots were the group of Jews that rebelled. 

Most inflectional people in history?

-Muhammed

-Sir Issac Newton

-Jesus

-Buddah

-Confucius 

-St. Paul of Tarus 

Roman Empire (Part 2)

Persecution of Christians:
-Romans were harsh toward those who wouldn't worship the emperor
-Often used for "entertainment" purposes in the Colosseum
-Despite the oppression, Christianity grew quickly. (10% of people in the empire)

What to study for the test tomorrow:
-4 emperors
-Persecution of Jesus and Paul


Maybe-possible Essay?
-What's the diff. between Roman Republic and the Roman Empire
(Democracy, Monarchy, Aristocracy)

Notes

• Octavian
  • Got  title Caesar Augustus
  • 1^st empire in the Roman Empire
  • Began the Pax Romana
  • Built roads, aqueducts (bringing water from places)
  • Set up civil service(government) to take care of roads, the grain supply, even a postal service
  • Jesus was born at the time
  • Augustus died at age 76 by natural causes
• Tiberius
  • Time of Jesus and Paul
  • Augustus’ stepson and adopted adopted son
  • Tiberius succeeded Octavian
  • Didn’t get along with Senate
  • Senate- “men fit to be slaves”
  • Didn’t want to be emperor
  • Germanicus- ally
  • Germanicus started to get powerful and looked like he was going to take over
  • Tiberius had him killed
  • Died at age 77 by natural causes (probably)
• Jesus
  • Roman citizen and a Jew
  • Began ministry at 30
  • Preached to the poor, reached out to outsiders
  • Wasn’t popular when alive
  • A lot of things he said made people nervous, thought he was going to overtake the kingdom
  • Pontius Pilate,  governor of the Roman province of Judaea, sentenced him to death
• Paul
  • He was riding his horse
  • Got kicked off and got blind
  • The first thing he saw was Jesus
  • He started to tell Jesus’ story
  • People wrote letters to him asking questions
  • He wrote back to him
  • Letters in New Testament
  • Jesus became known because of him
• Most influential persons in history
  • 1. Muhammad
  • 2. Sir Isaac Newton
  • 3. Jesus
  • 4. Buddha
  • 5. Confucius
  • 6. St. Paul of Tarsus
• Caligula
  • Germanicus’ son
  • Tiberius’ adopted grandson and great-nephew
  • Started off well
  • Began to fight with Senate
  • Claimed to be a god
  • Had statues of him everywhere, like in a Jewish temple
  • Slept with other men’s wives and bragged about it
  • Spent too much money
  • Tried to make his horse a consul and a priest
  • Critics said all this
  • Assassinated by his own aides at age 28
• Claudius
  • Ostracized by his family because of his disabilities
  • Had limp, slight deafness, possible speech impediment
  • Conquered Britain, no one else could
  • Built roads, canals, and aqueducts
  • Renovated the Circus Maximus
  • Had an awful marriage to Messalina
  • She was unfaithful, plotted to seize power for her lover Silius through a coup
  • Claudius had wife and her lover killed
• Religious troubles
  • Christianity and Judaism: monotheistic (one God)
  • Romans had many gods, plus at times the emperor was viewed as a god
  • A group of Jews called the Zealots tried to rebel, but Roman troops put them down and burned their temple (except for one wall)
  • The Western Wall is considered holiest site for Jews

Roman Empire (day 2!)

• Tiberius could do whatever he wanted with Rome and no one could stop him. :(
• Tiberius lies to sijanus (Spelling unknown because Mr. Schick didn't look it up.!) by telling him he will succeed him but is actually leading him to his own death.
• Jesus was crucified for being a disturbance in the crowd and was put to death by the Roman law.

Roman Empire

• Octavius (Julius Caesar's stepson) took over and became emperor. 

                 - Changed from a republic to an empire.

• Tiberius, Caligula, and Claudius were the 3 heirs of Octavius.
• Rome owned tons of land around the Mediterranean Sea 
• Tiberius was the heir who succeeded Octavian
• Tiberius had no idea how to run an empire and was very indecisive.
• Public baths were offered to the rich and the poor.

"What's wrong with your face!?"

Today we went over our Greece and Rome tests. We marked up the test sheet so we can study for the final, which will be here soon :(

Finishing projects on Rome

Pax Roma was a time of peace.

Circus Maxims:
-was a huge stadium like structure where people fought.
-Chariot racing, gladiators, and wild animal hunts took place here
-held 5 times the amount of people than the Ravens stadium.

Etruscans:
-They were from Etruria and they were known as Tyrrhenians by the Greeks.
-Moved from the Asia Minor
-They built cities and were orriginally ruled by a wealthy king.
-their homes were made with mud bricks.

Tiber River:
-3rd longest rive in Italy.

Traquin the Proud:
-he was the 7th and last king of Rome
-The people of Rome overthrew him. (Was the last king they had)
-He was sent into exile.

Rome Review

Patricians:
-Best treated families because they were upper class

Plebeians:
-Were the lower class
-They couldn't vote
-If you weren't rich you were a plebeian

Had 3 different governments:
-democracy
-aristocracy
-monarchy

Punic Wars:
-Carthage invaded Rome from the opposite side that they had expected.
-Hannibal was the Carthage leaders

Julius Caesar
-In 60 BC  Caesar, Crassus, and Pompey started out.
-came from a family of Patrician rank.
-Born in Rome
-People had thought he was becoming too powerful so they had him assassinated.
-He was killed on March 15,44 BC and was stabbed 23 times in his chest.

Crassus:
-was a Roman general
-was considered one of the most wealthiest man in the history.
-He was killed in Syria

Pompey:
-He started out as Caesar's friend. And then Caesar and him became enemies.
-Caesar eventually defeated him
-He had married Caesar's daughter

Octavian:
-Was born in Rome on September, 23rd

Cicero:
-Was killed and he was the senate's greatest orator
-Cicero didn't plot to kill Caesar but talked in defense of republic and was against absolute rule.


What is a triumvirate?
- A group of (3) people

Battle of Actium:
-The battle was  between Octavian and the forces of Antony and Cleopatra VII
-Octavian ended up winning and was giving the title Augustus
-He had fell in love with Cleopatra